{"id":4379,"date":"2019-02-27T01:18:00","date_gmt":"2019-02-27T00:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.thrips-id.com\/en\/?p=4379"},"modified":"2025-10-29T10:49:18","modified_gmt":"2025-10-29T09:49:18","slug":"frankliniella-occidentalis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thrips-id.com\/en\/frankliniella-occidentalis\/","title":{"rendered":"Frankliniella occidentalis"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_raw_html]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[\/vc_raw_html][vc_media_grid element_width=”3″ item=”mediaGrid_SlideInTitle” initial_loading_animation=”bounceIn” grid_id=”vc_gid:1761731341679-ba498190f2ce4f356b824c5eeb5a9f37-7″ include=”4780,4384,4385,4386″][vc_column_text]Nomenclatural details<\/strong><\/p>\n

Euthrips occidentalis<\/i> Pergande, 1895: 392.
\nEuthrips tritici californicus<\/i> Moulton, 1911: 16.
\nEuthrips helianthi<\/i> Moulton, 1911: 40.
\nFrankliniella tritici moultoni<\/i> Hood, 1914: 38. Replacement name for tritici californicus<\/i> Moulton.
\nFrankliniella nubila<\/i> Treherne, 1924: 84. Synonymised by Nakahara, 1997: 370.
\nFrankliniella tritici maculata<\/i> Priesner, 1925: 15. Synonymised by Nakahara, 1997: 370.
\nFrankliniella claripennis<\/i> Morgan, 1925: 142. Synonym of californicus<\/i> in Moulton, 1948: 98
\nFrankliniella canadensis<\/i> Morgan, 1925: 143. Synonym of californicus<\/i> in Moulton, 1948: 98
\nFrankliniella trehernei<\/i> Morgan, 1925: 144.
\nFrankliniella occidentalis brunnescens<\/i> Priesner, 1932: 182. Synonym of californicus<\/i> in Moulton, 1948: 98
\nFrankliniella occidentalis dubia<\/i> Priesner, 1932: 182.
\nFrankliniella venusta<\/i> Moulton, 1936: 172.
\nFrankliniella conspicua<\/i> Moulton, 1936: 173. Synonymised by Nakahara, 1997: 370.
\nFrankliniella chrysanthemi<\/i> Kurosawa, 1941: 173. Synonymised by Sakimura, 1976: 333
\nFrankliniella dahliae<\/i> Moulton, 1948: 97.
\nFrankliniella dianthi<\/i> Moulton, 1948: 98. Synonymised by Mound & Marullo, 1996: 146.
\nFrankliniella syringae<\/i> Moulton, 1948: 98. Synonymised by Mound & Marullo, 1996: 146.
\nFrankliniella umbrosa<\/i> Moulton, 1948: 105. Synonymised by Nakahara, 1997: 370.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1485700945543{padding-top: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;}”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=””]Biology and distribution<\/strong><\/p>\n

Described from California USA (E. occidentalis<\/em>, E. helianthi<\/em>, E. californicus<\/em>, F. conspicua<\/em>, F. dahliae<\/em>, F. venusta<\/em>), British Columbia, Canada (F. canadensis<\/em>, F. nubila<\/em>, F. trehernei<\/em>), Washington USA (F. claripennis<\/em>), Hawaii USA (F. crysanthemi<\/em>), Tamaulipas, Mexico (F. dianthi<\/em>, F. brunnescens<\/em>) and Texas USA (F. umbrosa<\/em>).<\/p>\n

Distribution:  Originated from the Western USA F. occidentalis<\/em> (“Western Flower Thrips”) was introduced by plant trade in many countries. Today it is spread almost all over the world. During the 1980s it was  introduced into Europe. In temperate regions it is mainly found in glasshouses.<\/p>\n

The Western Flower Thrips is highly polyphagous; it has been recorded from over 500 plant species from about 50 families. Adults and larvae suck on leaves and flowers but also on fruits. Additionally to direct sucking damages  F. occidentalis<\/em> is vectoring  Tospoviruses (TSWV, TCSV, INSV, GRSV).<\/p>\n

Typical plant damage<\/a><\/em>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1485700945543{padding-top: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;}”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]References<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pergande T (1895) Observations on certain Thripidae. Insect Life<\/i> 7: 390\u2013395.<\/p>\n

Moulton D (1911) Synopsis, catalogue and bibliography of North American Thysanoptera, with descriptions of new species. Technical series, USDA Bureau of Entomology<\/i> 21: 1\u201356.<\/p>\n

Hood JD (1914) On the proper generic names of certain Thysanoptera of economic importance. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington<\/i> 16: 34\u201344.<\/p>\n

Treherne RC (1924) Thysanoptera known to occur in Canada. Canadian Entomologist<\/i> 56: 82\u201388.<\/p>\n

Morgan AC (1925) Six new species of Frankliniella<\/i> and a key to the American species. Canadian Entomologist<\/i> 57: 138\u2013147.<\/p>\n

Priesner H (1925) Neue Thysanopteren. Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift<\/i> 1925: 13\u201328.<\/p>\n

Priesner H (1932) Neue Thysanopteren aus Mexiko, gesammelt von Prof. Dr. A. Dampf Teil 1. Wiener Entomologische Zeitung<\/i> 49: 170\u2013185.<\/p>\n

Moulton D (1935) New California Thysanoptera. Pan-Pacific Entomologist<\/i> 11: 170\u2013174.<\/p>\n

Kurosawa (1941) A quarantine interception of a new Frankliniella (Thysanoptera) from Hawaii. Kontyu<\/i> 15: 173-175.<\/p>\n

Moulton D (1948) The genus Frankliniella<\/i> Karny, with keys for the determination of species (Thysanoptera). Revista de Entomologia<\/i> 19: 55\u2013114.<\/p>\n

Sakimura K (1976) Frankliniella chrysanthemi<\/i> synonymous with F. occidentalis<\/i> (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Academy of Sciences<\/i> 22: 333-334.<\/p>\n

Mound LA & Marullo R (1996) The Thrips of Central and South America: An Introduction. Memoirs on Entomology, International<\/i> 6: 1\u2013488.<\/p>\n

Nakahara S (1997) Annotated list of the Frankliniella<\/i> species of the world (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Contributions on Entomology, International<\/i> 2 (4): 355-389.<\/p>\n

Gunawardana DN, Li DM, Masumoto M, Mound LA, O\u2019Donnell, CA, Mound LA, Skarlinsky TL (2017) Resolving the confused identity of Frankliniella panamensis<\/i> (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Zootaxa<\/i> 4323 (1): 125\u2013131.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator css=”.vc_custom_1485700945543{padding-top: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;}”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Type information<\/strong><\/p>\n

Holotype\u00a0\u2640 (E. helianthi<\/i>): California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco.<\/p>\n

Holotype \u2640\u00a0(E. californicus<\/i>): California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco.<\/p>\n

Holotype \u2640 (F. venusta<\/i>): California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco.<\/p>\n

Holotype\u00a0(F. dahliae<\/i>): National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC.<\/p>\n

Holotype (F. syringae<\/i>): National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC.<\/p>\n

Holotype (F. dianthi<\/i>): National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC.<\/p>\n

Holotype (F. canadensis<\/i>): National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC.<\/p>\n

Syntype (F. claripennis<\/i>): National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC.<\/p>\n

Syntype (E. occidentalis<\/i>): National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_raw_html]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[\/vc_raw_html][vc_media_grid element_width=”3″ item=”mediaGrid_SlideInTitle” initial_loading_animation=”bounceIn” grid_id=”vc_gid:1761731341679-ba498190f2ce4f356b824c5eeb5a9f37-7″ include=”4780,4384,4385,4386″][vc_column_text]Nomenclatural details Euthrips occidentalis Pergande, 1895: 392. Euthrips tritici californicus Moulton, 1911: 16. Euthrips helianthi Moulton, 1911: 40. Frankliniella tritici moultoni Hood, 1914: 38. Replacement name for tritici californicus Moulton. Frankliniella nubila Treherne, 1924: 84. Synonymised by Nakahara, 1997: 370. Frankliniella tritici maculata Priesner, 1925: 15. Synonymised by Nakahara, 1997:…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4379","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-extant-species","category-plant-pests"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thrips-id.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4379","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thrips-id.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thrips-id.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thrips-id.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thrips-id.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4379"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.thrips-id.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4379\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7516,"href":"https:\/\/www.thrips-id.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4379\/revisions\/7516"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thrips-id.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4379"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thrips-id.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4379"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thrips-id.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4379"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}